Q: I have a logic scheme that involves
using some SPDT relays to switch a
4-20 mA signal among several devices.
I’ve been told that the relays need to be
special, but I don’t know what is needed.
Can you help?
The general-purpose 5, 10, and 20 amp
relays that are the staple and mainstay of
control panels everywhere are most often
made with silver or silver-cadmium contacts.
These are great as long as the energy passing
through them when closed is high enough to
generate a little arc when they open to help
keep them clean. Low energy (less than
100 mA at 24 VDC) passing through such
contacts for prolonged periods of time will
cause oxides to form. These oxides are insulators,
and they will eventually coat the contacts
and prevent current from passing at all.
For low-energy applications, gold flashed or
gold plated contacts should be used, such as
the Model RY2SUAC24V relay available
from Kele. Gold is very non-reactive and
resists oxidation quite well. Another helper
for low-level switching is contact geometry -
bifurcated contacts (basically in the shape of
a two-tined fork) provide multiple current
paths for improved reliability.